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How do VPNs get hacked?

24.09.2024
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Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) are essential for online privacy and security, encrypting internet traffic and masking users' IP addresses. However, despite their robust security features, VPNs can still be hacked. Understanding how VPNs can be compromised is crucial for enhancing your online security. Here are the main ways through which VPNs can be hacked and the associated risks:

Exploiting weaknesses in VPN software and protocols

No software is entirely immune to vulnerabilities. As technology evolves and new features are introduced, potential weaknesses may emerge. Hackers often exploit these vulnerabilities in the VPN software or the protocols it uses:

  • Outdated protocols: VPNs that employ outdated protocols like PPTP and L2TP/IPSec are more susceptible to attacks. These protocols have inherent vulnerabilities that skilled hackers can exploit.
  • New protocols and misconfigurations: Even new and untested protocols can have vulnerabilities. Misconfigurations in VPN settings or flaws in the design of the VPN software’s code can also be exploited.
  • Premium protocols: High-quality VPN services use secure protocols such as OpenVPN, WireGuard, and IKEv2, which are less likely to have vulnerabilities due to their advanced encryption methods and frequent updates.

Cracking VPN encryption

The strength of the encryption depends on the chosen cypher and its implementation. High-quality VPN providers prioritise secure cyphers like AES-256. However, poorly implemented cyphers or those with shorter key lengths can be vulnerable to cryptographic attacks:

  • Robust cyphers: Strong encryption involves using robust cyphers with longer key lengths.
  • Advanced computing resources: Skilled hackers may use advanced computing resources to attempt to break the encryption through methods like hashing and brute force attacks. While modern technology has shortened the time required for such attacks, properly implemented encryption like AES-256 still requires an incomprehensible amount of time to be decrypted.

Obtaining encryption keys

Encryption keys are essential for the encryption and decryption process of cyphers. If hackers obtain these keys, they can easily break a VPN’s encryption and access your online traffic. However, acquiring these keys is extremely challenging:

  • Complex undertaking: Obtaining VPN encryption keys is highly challenging unless hackers have the right connections and resources, such as those available to organisations like the NSA.
  • Perfect Forward Secrecy (PFS): Most VPN providers now use unique session keys that are periodically changed through PFS. Even if a hacker manages to obtain the encryption keys, they will only be viable for a short session, limiting the amount of compromised data.

Seizing VPN servers

Gaining control of a VPN server is the most direct method for hacking a VPN, as it grants access to all the connections passing through it. The security of a VPN server can be compromised through various means:

  • Exploiting server vulnerabilities: Hackers can exploit improperly configured VPN servers or target weak access control mechanisms to gain unauthorised access.
  • Government seizure: In certain cases, governmental entities may cease and breach VPN servers, especially when high-value targets are involved or within authoritarian countries where surveillance is prominent.

Read on: New Wi-Fi vulnerabilities expose Android and Linux devices to hackers.

How a hacked VPN puts your security in jeopardy

Using a hacked VPN can lead to several serious risks:

  • Unauthorised device access: Cybercriminals could seize control of your devices by installing malicious software like ransomware or spyware.
  • Leaked account credentials: A hacked VPN could allow hackers to snoop on your online communications, leading to the theft of usernames, passwords, and other sensitive details.
  • Stolen identity: Hackers can use your personal information to engage in identity theft, apply for loans in your name or make fraudulent credit card transactions.
  • Third-party surveillance: After a VPN hack, not only cybercriminals but also ISPs, government agencies, and other entities can monitor your online activities.

Steps to take when your VPN is hacked

If your VPN gets hacked, follow these steps:

  • Disconnect immediately: Disconnect right away to prevent further exposure of your private data.
  • Uninstall the VPN software: Remove the hacked VPN app or software from your device to eliminate potential backdoors.
  • Change login credentials: Assume all your login details have been compromised and change them. Use a trusted password manager to streamline this process.
  • Evaluate the severity: Assess the breach and how the VPN company responds to it. Seek expert opinions to determine whether the risks have been effectively mitigated.
  • Switch to a more secure VPN: Use a better VPN known for robust security measures and without recent security lapses.

Essential tips for extra protection

To enhance your security and privacy:

  • Use robust passwords with MFA
  • Stay informed
  • Use antivirus/antimalware software
  • Encrypt everything online and offline
  • Keep your devices and software updated.

By understanding how VPNs can be hacked and taking necessary precautions, you can significantly enhance your online security and privacy.